US, Saudi Arabia Sign Landmark Nuclear Deal
The US and Saudi Arabia have signed a landmark deal that will allow the Gulf kingdom to develop a civilian nuclear programme.
The deal is described as a “peaceful nuclear co-operation agreement” that will provide “great access for American companies in the Saudi nuclear energy program”, according to the US energy department.
Text from the deal was not made public, but US media have reported that it could allow Saudi Arabia to enrich uranium in the future – which can be used as fuel for power plants, but also to make nuclear bombs.
The US Department of Energy noted that along with the co-operation deal, a “bilateral safeguards agreement” was also signed.
“Together, these two agreements lay the legal foundation for a decades-long, multi-billion-dollar partnership that advances several priority economic and strategic objectives, including nuclear nonproliferation,” the statement reads.
The Saudi government also released a statement, saying the deal “represented an extension of existing co-operation between the two countries in the energy sector”, and noted that it comes after the Saudi leader visited Washington last November.
The announcement comes as fighting escalates between the US and Iran. Saudi Arabia, a longtime US ally, hosts several US bases, which have been targeted by Iranian attacks. It also comes two days after Iran’s allies in Yemen, the Houthis, announced a “maritime blockade” against the kingdom.
Specific details of the nuclear deal were not given but earlier media reports suggested that, after undertaking a joint study with the US, Saudi Arabia may be allowed to enrich uranium on its soil to produce fuel at a US-built enrichment facility, instead of relying on imported fuel.
“Rest assured, these agreements uphold the highest standards of nuclear safety and nonproliferation, while relying on the world’s best nuclear technology and scientists, designed right here in the United States,” US Secretary of Energy Chris Wright said in a statement.
The energy department said the deal advanced both “US and regional security” and would uphold “high standards of nuclear safety, security, and nonproliferation and strengthening the United States’ competitive edge in civil nuclear technology”.
Nuclear experts and former officials in Israel – the US’s top ally in the Middle East – voiced concern the plan could ultimately lead to Saudi Arabia being able to develop a nuclear weapon – though many experts say that path would likely take decades and lead to pushback from the international community.
Rosemary Kelanic, the director of the Middle East programme at the US-based Defense Priorities think tank, said it would be “quite shocking” if the deal includes the US allowing Saudi Arabia to have facilities to enrich uranium.
“The US has never done that before, we have never helped another country enrich on their own soil,” she said, adding the reason for that is because “if you can produce your own nuclear fuel, you become a much bigger risk” for building nuclear weapons.
The agreement will now be sent to Congress for review.
BBC
